{"id":7481,"date":"2019-09-22T06:43:54","date_gmt":"2019-09-22T06:43:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/?p=7481"},"modified":"2025-03-24T13:26:11","modified_gmt":"2025-03-24T13:26:11","slug":"accessibility","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/2019\/09\/22\/accessibility\/","title":{"rendered":"5 simple ways to make content accessible for your students"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"614\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/blog-image-1-1024x614.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7482\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/blog-image-1-1024x614.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/blog-image-1-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/blog-image-1-768x461.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/blog-image-1.png 1042w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333\">At least 1 in 5 people in the UK have a long term illness, impairment or disability. Gov.uk (2018). In the academic year 18\/19, just under 1000 University of Northampton students were actively using ASSIST services. This does not include students who may be registered with the Mental Health service but not ASSIST, nor those who have chosen not to disclose. Making your materials more accessible can help people with:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"block-editor-rich-text__editable editor-rich-text__editable\" role=\"textbox\" data-is-placeholder-visible=\"false\" aria-label=\"Write list\u2026\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #333333\">impaired vision<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #333333\">motor difficulties<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #333333\">cognitive impairments or learning disabilities<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #333333\">deafness or impaired hearing<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333\">For any resources you provide to your students, whether online, printed, or displayed in class, it is your responsibility to ensure they are accessible. This blog post acts as an introduction for teaching staff who are unfamiliar with making accessible content. My top 5 tips include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol class=\"block-editor-rich-text__editable editor-rich-text__editable\" role=\"textbox\" data-is-placeholder-visible=\"false\" aria-label=\"Write list\u2026\">\n<li>Clear Colours.<\/li>\n<li>Logical Layout.<\/li>\n<li>Eliminate Expressions.<\/li>\n<li>Image information.<\/li>\n<li>Descriptive Details.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Clear Colours<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"984\" height=\"358\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/company-colours.png\" alt=\"University colours shown with both black and white text to show the contrast\" class=\"wp-image-7509\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/company-colours.png 984w, https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/company-colours-300x109.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/company-colours-768x279.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 984px) 100vw, 984px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Accessibility standards specify a contrast ratio between text and background. The ratio can be lower when the text is larger. I would recommend only placing text on a strong colour for headlines or titles. I&#8217;ve included a link to a contrast checker at the bottom of the blog post.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When it comes to being able to read longer pieces of text easily, black text on white background seems to be accepted as the clearest combination. But for many people, such a stark contrast can make the text appear to skate about on the surface of the page. Using a very dark grey instead will help alleviate this. Some people find a pale coloured background really helps too. Ask your students if they prefer a pale blue or cream background colour behind text on your PowerPoint slides. Use Bold type to emphasise important words or phrases in the sentence, rather than using red. Finally, avoid placing text over an image, unless there is very clear contrast. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Logical Layout<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This is one that will help most of your students. Make sure you describe things clearly and without ambiguity. For example, instead of putting a link to a journal article on NILE and write in brackets underneath, \u201cyou need to be logged into NELSON\u201d; you should first explain how to log into NELSON. Obviously, this is just an example and third-year students can probably be expected to know how to log in to NELSON if they\u2019ve done it before. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another example is having content folders on NILE saying Week 1, Week 2, Week 3 etc. The folders are clear, consistent and not cluttered. Ensuring sites meet the NILE standards (see link below) means students have consistency across all the sites they use and can find what they need quickly and easily. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"437\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/heading-styles-1-1024x437.jpg\" alt=\"this screenshot shows where the text can be changed to Heading or sub\/headings\" class=\"wp-image-7501\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/heading-styles-1-1024x437.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/heading-styles-1-300x128.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/heading-styles-1-768x328.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/heading-styles-1.jpg 1229w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>On NILE you can pick heading styles to help everyone using screen-readers. When you build a content Item, for example, there are options in the toolbar to let you change from Paragraph to Heading or Sub Headings. Use these instead of simply changing the size or making them bold. You can still change the size once you\u2019ve set it to be heading\/sub headings. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With larger pieces of text, the use of accurate, meaningful headings and subheadings can help students who feel overwhelmed by a sea of text and make it easier when people come back later on to find something. Learn more about how to use heading styles in the staff development training &#8216;Creating Accessible Online Content&#8217;. A link to more information about this is included at the end along with a download link to the &#8216;Designing for Diverse Learners&#8217; posters, which explain all of this and more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Eliminate Expressions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"614\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/bear-in-mind-1024x614.png\" alt=\"literal interpretation of the expression 'bear in mind' showing a small teddy bear sitting in the mind of a silhouette head.\" class=\"wp-image-7484\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/bear-in-mind-1024x614.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/bear-in-mind-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/bear-in-mind-768x461.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/bear-in-mind.png 1042w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>This is vital for the most important information and giving instructions. Following on from the previous step where we are making efforts to avoid ambiguity, the use of expressions or idioms can cause confusion or be completely undecipherable by others. Bear in mind, a lot of expressions taken literally word for word, make no sense at all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Example 1: <br>\n\u201cYou will be assessed in just two weeks. It\u2019s time to pull your socks up!\u201d <br>\nI\u2019m not sure how my socks relate to the assessment, much less the slouchiness\nof them. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Example 2: <br>\u201cYou have been working really hard all year, don\u2019t throw it all out the window now\u201d. <br>Throw what out of the window? I wasn\u2019t planning on throwing anything out of my window.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Example 3: <br>\u201cYou seem to have grasped the wrong end of the stick\u201d. <br>What stick? I don\u2019t remember any stick.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Similarly, avoid sarcasm and subtle exaggeration. Present information, clearly, simply and factually.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Besides certain groups of\npeople taking them too literally, many expressions are becoming old-fashioned\nand you\u2019ll find your younger students will have never heard them before. In\nthese cases, they can identify that it is an expression and it shouldn\u2019t be\ntaken literally \u2014but they still won\u2019t know what it means. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Your challenge for the rest\nof the day is to make a mental note of every time you use an idiomatic\nexpression. You might be surprised how much you do it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Descriptive Details<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Again, with giving instructions or perhaps announcements from your NILE site, make your expectations are clear, without making assumptions. For example, if you have students booked in for tutorials, make sure you tell them to arrive early, how long they have and what will happen if they turn up late. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They say a picture is worth a thousand words. I can\u2019t help thinking this is a slight exaggeration. The key with this one is not to assume everyone will interpret the image in the same way. Just as you might teach your students to interpret data on a graph; when using images to convey information, make sure you explain what the picture is and what it\u2019s there for. If you use a screenshot, for example, make sure we know what we&#8217;re looking at within the image. More importantly, don&#8217;t just put an image in place of any explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ideally, any images or charts should be there to enhance or add meaning to what you have said or written. In fact, most people benefit from something pictorial to illustrate the concept. However, if the image is there for purely decorative purposes, that\u2019s fine and that brings us onto the number 5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Image Information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to people who won\u2019t interpret an image the same way you do, there are those with visual impairments who can\u2019t see the image at all. If you\u2019ve followed the previous advice, you\u2019ve already helped these people.\u00ad\u00ad However, there is standard practice for using images on the web, which are outlined in the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), see link below.&nbsp;When you upload an image to NILE, you will see two boxes just above the image preview. One says Image Description and the second one says Title. Give the image a relevant title and the description needs to contain the essential information. Think about why the image there, the information it presents, and then decide which words you can use to convey the same function and\/or information. Leave the description blank if the image is for purely decorative. Get into the habit of doing this and it will become second nature. To help you with this, the Blackboard Ally tool has been applied to our NILE sites. You may have noticed a small gauge icon next to items you have uploaded. If you see a red\/low gauge next to one of your images, click on it to find out how to improve its accessibility. Click the link at the end, to download Guidelines for Creating Accessible Word Documents. This is great resource for you to save a refer back to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Caution: If you use an image that contains text, screen-readers will not be able to identify the words. Therefore, you must make sure any essential text from the image is also included as text. Try to select the text on the image below. You will see that you can because the text is not part of the image. In the previous images in this blog post, the text is part of the image.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover has-background-dim\" style=\"background-image:url(http:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/2019-09-23-14_48_04-Creating-Accessible-Online-Content.jpg)\"><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Remember to book onto the staff development training session to learn how to make your Word docs and PowerPoints accessible too.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\n\nFind details on Unify in \u2018staff development and training\u2019.\n\n<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Just 5 suggestions to help you support your students<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In closing, please note I have deliberately avoided mentioning specific impairments, difficulties or disabilities in any of the sections. This is because I believe implementing each of these ideas can help all of your students, regardless of any additional needs. I strongly believe making accessible content should be about helping and supporting your students, not purely for the sake of meeting legislation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s up to you to have an open dialogue with your particular students to find out ways in which you can support them. They do not have to disclose anything to you, and those who have declared something on their application probably won\u2019t realise that information isn\u2019t automatically passed onto their lecturers.<\/p>\n\n\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080\">If you have content on Edublogs, please meet with your Learning Technologist before Sept 2020 for advice on making your Edublogs sites meet accessibility standards.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<p>These were just my top 5 simple ways to get started, please leave a comment to let us know what tips and strategies you recommend. Thank you for reading and check out the links below if you want to learn more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00adFurther reading:<\/h2>\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jisc.ac.uk\/accessibility\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">JISC &#8211; UK law on accessibility<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/guidance\/accessibility-requirements-for-public-sector-websites-and-apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"GOV.UK - Understanding new accessibility requirements (opens in a new tab)\">GOV.UK &#8211; Understanding new accessibility requirements<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/accessibility.blog.gov.uk\/2017\/02\/08\/advice-for-creating-content-that-works-well-with-screen-readers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Creating content that works well with screenreaders<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/webaim.org\/resources\/contrastchecker\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WebAim &#8211; Contrast checker<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ukhomeoffice.github.io\/accessibility-posters\/posters\/accessibility-posters.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Designing for Diverse Learners Posters (opens in a new tab)\">Designing for Diverse Learners. Posters<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/askus.northampton.ac.uk\/Learntech\/faq\/189575\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Kaltura Video Captions - Editing Captions (opens in a new tab)\">AskUs &#8211; Editing Kaltura Captions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/askus.northampton.ac.uk\/Learntech\/faq\/189667\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Blackboard Ally - What is the new Ally accessibility tool in NILE? (opens in a new tab)\">AskUs &#8211; <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/askus.northampton.ac.uk\/friendly.php?slug=Learntech\/faq\/189667\">What is the new Ally accessibility tool in NILE?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/askus.northampton.ac.uk\/loader.php?fid=9258&amp;type=1&amp;key=b603e3632b7dbf8c41990531ef1ed1b4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"NILE Design standards 19\/20 (opens in a new tab)\">NILE Design standards 19\/20<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unify.northampton.ac.uk\/Article.aspx?channelid=43&amp;articleid=DAyDpCOfWKKF47NCB%2BHRyNjxhS0%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Unify - Creating Accessible Online Content (opens in a new tab)\">Unify &#8211; Creating Accessible Online Content<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/Guidelines-for-creating-accessible-documents.docx\">Guidelines for creating accessible documents<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.northampton.ac.uk\/learntech\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/09\/Guidelines-for-creating-accessible-documents.docx\" class=\"wp-block-file__button\" download>Download<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>These are just 5 suggestions to get you started with thinking about accessibility and small changes that can make a big difference.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[11,12],"tags":[25,241,144,244,243],"class_list":["post-7481","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learning-design","category-learntech-news","tag-accessibility","tag-assist","tag-online","tag-screenreader","tag-wcag"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - 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